隨著經濟科技的迅速發展，基礎設施的規模也越來 越大。例如，現今的摩天大樓可以高達一千米。此 外，新發明的材料和新型結構構件也使結構行為更 加複雜。傳統的人工檢測不僅成本高，而且有種種 局限性。例如，用於確定混凝土抗壓強度的非破壞 性檢測方法雖然被普遍採用，但卻只能測定局部範 圍的抗壓強度。由於技術成本原因，很難對大型建 築物的所有位置都進行檢測。另一方面，一些先進 技術可以檢測到建築物極其微小的振動反應。這種 振動的強度弱至10-5g或10-6g，也就是重力加速度 的百萬分之一。但是，這種檢測並不容易，因為這 樣的反應非常隨機。 結構健康監測 結構健康監測是用於診斷建築物健康狀況的自動化策 略。最近幾十年引起各界極大興趣。尤其值得一提的 是，過去10年間，由於感應技術和數據採集系統的迅速 發展，這個領域也有了重大進展。結構健康監測主要有 四個目的：（1）確定建築物是否有結構性損壞；（2） 確定損壞的位置；（3）評估損壞的嚴重程度；（4）評 估因為損壞而對建築物整體可靠性造成的影響。 Due to rapid economic and technological development, the scale of our infrastructure has increased dramatically. For example, skyscrapers can be almost one kilometre tall. Furthermore, newly-invented materials and structural member types complicate structural behaviour. Traditional types of human investigations are costly and they have various limitations. In particular, non-destructive testing methods for the determination of concrete compressive strength are popular, but they can be used to determine the concrete strength of a localised area only. For large-scale structures, it is di& cult, if not prohibitive, to test all positions of the structure. More recently, other advanced technology allows the acquisition of the very tiny vibration response of structures. Such vibration is of the order of 10-5g or 10-6g, that is one of a million of the gravity acceleration. Nevertheless, the problem is very challenging because such response is very random. Structural Health Monitoring Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an automated strategy to diagnose if a structure is in its healthy state, and it has attracted tremendous interest in the last few decades. In particular, there have been important advancements in the past decade due to rapid development in sensor technology and data acquisition systems. There are four major goals in SHM: (1) to indicate if there is any damage to a structure; (2) to determine the location(s) of the damage(s); (3) to estimate the severity of the damage(s); and (4) to evaluate the reliability of the entire structure due to possible damages. 學院專欄• FACULTY COLUMN 52 ? 甚麼是結構健康監測 What Is Structural Health Monitoring? 文 English Text│阮家榮 Kelvin Yuen 中文翻譯 Chinese Translation│陳靜 Ruby Chen 圖 Photo│譚金榮、部分由阮家榮提供 Eric Tam, with some provided by Kelvin Yeun
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